Adding machine



J. T. HURLEY.

ADDING MACHINE- APPLICATION FILED MAY 18; 1918-. 1,345,781 Patented July 6, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEI I.

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APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, 191.8.

Patented July 6, 1920.

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IN I/EN TOR B, W W

\llllll ll \lllllll vvnn II J. T. HURLEY.

ADDING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, 1918,

Patented July 6,: 1920.

4 SHEETS-SHEEI 3- IIVVENTOR' BY ATTORNEY E ila 1.1. HURLEY. ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, I918.

Patented July 6, 1920'.

4 SHEETSSHEEI 4.

A TTORNEY JUSTIN '1. I-IURLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

ADDING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6,1920.

Application filedyMay 18, 1918'. Serial No. 235,317.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, JUs'rIN T. HURLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Adding-l lachines, of which the following is a specification.

The objects of my improvements are to provide adding mechanism combining ac.- curacy and speed of operation, and in which certain keys may be depressed simultaneously and their combined movements compounded in differential driving devices which will provide digit wheel indications equivalent to the numerical value of keys so operated. I r

I attain these objects by. the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings,

in which i Figure 1 is a plan view'showing the pre ferred arrangement of keys, part of the casing being omitted to disclose the operating mechanism; Fig. 2, a vertical sectional view of the operating mechanism; Fig. 3, a modification of Fig. 2; Fig. l, a View of the zeroing mechanism; Fig. 5, another view of the zeroing mechanism showing the means for iuilocking the transfer devices during the Zeroing operation Fig 6, amodification of the transfer unlocking device; Fig. 7, a sectional view of thcdriving gears and supporting members and Fig. 8, a detail view of the devices for compelling full key stroke, and Fig. 9 illustrates a modification including a cam drive for the compounding mech anism. 1 l 3 Similar figures ofreference indicate similar part-s throughout the several views.

' The operating keys designated 1,2, 3, 1.

ando are preferably arranged as shown in 1 and 2, with key 5 placed so as to be conveniently operated with the thumb. Each key is retracted by a compression spring 13 which hears "upon a plate 7 secured to the stanchion 8 and to the machine frame. The transmission gears 9 are pivoted upon a stud 10,.one of which is secured in each stanchion 8. There is a stanchion 8 provided for each gear wheel 9., the reason for this arrangement being hereinafter ex plained.

The bell-crank arms 11 are pivoted upon the stud 10 corresponding to the gear 9 neXt lower in the order than the particular gear with which they cooperate; To each of the arms 11 is pivoted a differential bar 12 Whose other end is pivoted upon a shaft 18 which is mounted in the machine frame. A spring 141 retains the bar 12 in engagement with the pin 15 which is secured in keys 2, 8 and 4. The pin 15 in key 1 engages the arm 11 and a slightly increased extent of key movement is thereby obtained. A compound bell-crank arm 16, pivoted at 17 to the arm 11, carries on its free end a pawl 18, which is pressed by a spring '19 against theratchet 20 provided in the wheel 9. Another differential bar 21, one end of which is supported by the shaft 13, is pivoted to the bell-crank arm 1.6 at the point 22, which normallycoincides with the of the wheel 9, Figs.

I 2, and l.

A bell-crank arm 23 which is loose upon the shaft 233 is in pivotal connection with the key 5 and in slot and pin connection with the differential bar 21, Fig. 2. 11 se rles of digit wheels 24 which rotate upon a shaft 25 are each provided with a pinion operated by keys 1, 2, 3 or 4: while key 5 remains at normal, the location of the pivotal point 22 connecting the arm 16 to the memher 21 will remain unchanged, 2'. 0., will remain normally coaxial with the wheel'9 and becomes the fulcrum point on which the membenlG will be swung by operation of the meniber11. A true radial movement will thus be imparted. to the member 16 arouncfl the axis of the wheel 9. Upon depressing key 5 and allowing the rest of the keys to remain at normal the lever 23 will move the bar 21 forward to the dotted position shown in Flg. 2, and the pawl 18 Wlll advanceithe wheel 9 five steps and augment b five the indications of the respective digit wheelj At this time the arm 11, at its pivotal-point 17, becomes the fulcrum for operating. the member 16, and the bar 12' pressing upwardly against the key pins 15 will support the arm 11 and prevent it from swmglng.

The foregoing sta'tei'nent explains quite clearly the operating irocesscs with individual keys. To =ter numerals six to nine inclusive ordinarily requires either individual keys for those numbers, or the operation of key 5 and the component hey, dopressed individually, to complete the numc.. it should e here noted that only one arm and one driving pawl. are utilized to drive the wheel 9, and that digita tion is effected only upon downward move ment of the keys. To register any digit nu- .nierically higher than live, the key 5 may be depressed simultaneously with the component key of the series l to 41 and the movements of the bars 12 and 2i will be compounded in the arm l6 and the con'ibined nun'ierical value of the two key registered on the digit wheel.

This compounding moven'ient is thought to be new, and the members which operate to produce such movements may be referred to as compounding differentials, or compound driving elements. It will also be observed that upon rapid acceleration of the arm 16, the pawl 18 will be held by cen triifugal force more securely against the ratchet 20. A positional stop for the wheel 9 comprises the bar 27 pivoted to the radial arms 28 and 29, which are loose on the shafts 30 and 81, thus affording a parallel movement for the member 27. .lhe bar 27 is in slot and pin connection with a bellcrank arm 32, which is pivoted at 33 to the stanchion 8 and is provided with a stophead 3%. Upon depression of a key as shown in Fig. 2, the stop bar 27 will be depressed and with its associated members moved into the dotted positions with the stop-hea d 34!: in engagement with a tooth of the ratchet 20 to stop the wheel 9. f preferable the stop arm 34: may be arranged to engage the peripheral gear 9 upon full depression of a key. g

Pivoted in an extension 35 of the stanchion 8 is an arm 36 which is provided with a spring pressed. pawl 37 engaging .the ratchet 20. Secured to the arm 36, at its pivotal point, is an arm 38, Figs. 1, 3 and 4, to which is secured a pin 39 which constantly enga the surface of a cam 40 provided on each wheel 9, excepting the highest order wheel. A spring 41 extending to the stanchion 8 retains the aim 3G with the pin '39 against the cam 40. As will be seen, the cam l0 is formed with live camming surfaces, and each camming surface corresponds to one division of the wheel 9, or ten teeth of the ratchet 20. lVhen the wheel 24 rotates from 9 to O, as indicated by the digits thereon, the pin 39 will pass over the high point of one camming surface to the low point on the next and the arm 36. actuated by the spring 41, will restore and the pawl 37 will move the ratchet 20 one tooth.

key bank, or the zeroing devices are operated.

The zeroing or clearing mechanism consists of a pawl 43 which is pivoted to the digit wheel 2d and spring pressed into ongagemei'it with a longitudinal slot in the shaft 25, in a manner commonly employed. An arm i l secured to the zeroing lever 45, is pivoted to a link 46, whose other end is in pivotal connection with an arm 47 which is pivoted on the shaft 25. To the arm 47 is secured a rod 4L8 which extends beneath the series of digit wheels and is secured at its opposite end to arm 49 which is also pivoted on the shaft 25 in proximity to the highest order digit wheel of the series. 1 iv oted upon the shaft 25 in proximity to each digit wheel is a cam arm 50, which is socured to the rod 4:8 and has its camming surface resting against a pin 51 projecting from each transfer arm 36. Upon pulling forward the lever 45, the link -16 will move the arm 47 to the dotted position, Fig. 5, and the cam arm will displace the arm 36 sufficiently to release the transfer pawl 37 from its locked position.

A spring 52 extending from the member let to a fixed point in the machine casing returns the zeroing lever 4-5 to normal position. The studs 53 and 54. shown in dotted outline, Fig. l, limits the movements of the lever 4L5 in each direction. A link 55 in slot and pin connection with the member ll is pivoted at its other end to the arm 56 of the gear sector 57, which is pivoted at to the extension 35 of the stanchion 8, and meshes with the pinion 59 which is secured to the shaft 25. hen operating the clearlever 45, the link 4-6 as hereinhefore explained, moves the arm 47 and causes the :am 50 to displace the pawl 37 backwardly approximately one-half the length of the tooth of ratchet 20 and out of locking en gagement with the beveled member 42. This movement will be effective before the member 44 operates the link lVhen the link 55 is operated the sector 57 will rotate the pinion 59 and the shaft 25 whose slot ivill be engaged by the pawl 43 and the digit wheels returned to zero.

Fig. 6 illustrates a modification of the cam arm 50, which in this instance. in addition to the rod $8, is supported by a similar rod 60 also secured in the arms 47 and 4:9. Fig. 3 illustrates a modification of the driving mechanism described, and in this view the differential bar 21-is pivotally connected to the arm 16 by a U-shaped link 61 which extends under the shaft 62 which arrangement'permits the shaft 62 to be extended through the series of ratchet wheels 99 and mounted in the machine frame. There is no other advantage. In this instance the digits may be arranged upon the periphery of the wheel 99 to conform with the number of teeth in the ratchet 20. A compression spring 63 which rests upon the base frame of the machine and engages the member 27 is adapted to return the stop. devicesto normal.

The devices shown ling full key depression consist of the stop pawl 6 1, pivoted to hang downwardly and normally engage the serrated side of the key stem. hen a key is depressed the pin 65 in the key stem engages the tongue 66 and swings the pawl '64 clear of the key stem serrations. The pivoted hook pawl 67 is connected to the pawl 64: by a spring 68, but is held in normal position by a pin 69 which projects from the key stem and engages the wing 70.- Upon depressing the key the pin 69 is moved out of contact with the wing 70 and the pawl 67 moves into contact with the tongue 66. Upon complete depression of the key, the pin 65 will dis- 1 place the pawl 64: until the tongue 66 is engaged by the hook head on the pawl 67. \Vhen the key restores, the pin 69will reengage the wing to swing the pawl 67 and release the tongue 66 and permitting the pawl 61 to be drawn against the serrated key stem.

Fig. 9 illustrates the compounding member 16 in pivotal association with the cam operated driving mechanism shown and described in my application, Serial No. 216,317 filed February 9th, 1918, "which is believed to. have several advantages over the key operated bar-drive shown in Figs. 1, 2'and In this instance the cam plate 71 is connected by a link 72 with an arm 73, which is pivoted upon the bearing stud 10, and the cam plate 74 representing key five is connected by a link 75 with the compound arm 16 at the pivotal point 22, Fig. 2. -The plates 71 and 74 operateon the roller bearings 76.

I claim:

1. In a machine of the class described, the

combination of digit wheels, a single driv-- ing element provided with two pivotal operating points arranged in operative relation with respect to the wheel and providing a shiftable fulcrum to vary the degree of radial movement of said driving element, a series of depressible elements which "may be operated individually and whose movements when depressed in pairs operate said driving element on both pivotal fulcrum points to in Fig. 8, for compelincrease thedegreeof radial movement of said driving element to produce digit indication equivalent to the combinednumerical value of the pair of keys operated.

2. In a machine ofthe class described, the combination of digit wheels, a series of operating keys, a driving element to rotate the Wheel and having shiftable fulcrum points, and a pair of differential elements operative either singly, or together, and whose movements are compounded by operation of the driving element on both fulcrum points,

7 When said keys are operated in pairs and the combined value of the two keys registered.

3. In a machine of the class described, the combination of digit wheels and operating keys, -a pair of differential elements to be operated by said keys individually, or to gether, a radial operating element in'pivotal connection with said differential elements and affording a changeable fulcrum point when said differential elements are operated alternately, said differential elements adapted to be operated simultaneously to supply a compound movement to the radial operating 7 element and register the combined value of two keys simultaneously depressed.

{L In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit wheels-and operating keys, of a single driving arm, a pair of key controlled differential elements in pivotal connection with the operating arm and to alternately operate said arm on either of its pivotal points, whereby the fulcrum of said arm will be accordingly shifted, said differential elements adapted to simultaneous operation and their movements compounded in the driving arm when two keys are simultaneously depressed, and means for checking said wheel when either of two opfour keys of the series and the other differential element operative by the fifth key "of the series, said differential elements adapted to simultaneous operation and their movements compounded in the operating element to register the combined values of keys operated in pairs. l

- 6. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit wheels and de-' pressible keys operative either singly or in pairs, of a driving element, a pair of key controlled differential elements pivoted to impart alternately to the driving element movement on a short and a long'r'adius,

said keys to be depressed in conjunction with key five, and; the movements compounded 1n the driving element to register operated alternately and which supply a compound movement to the driving element when said differential elements are operated simultaneously by depression of a pair of keys, a member to be engaged by the driving element to lock the wheel when all parts are at normal, to release the wheel upon depression of a key, or a pair of keys, and to check the wheel when transfer is consummated.

8. In a machine of the class described, the combination with operating keys and digit wheels, of a driving pawl, a radial driving arm to rotate the wheel and SU JPOIItG-Jl at two pivotal points, differential elements to operate said arm on either or both oE' 1ts pivotal supports, elements to check the di fiil wheel when either of two sinniltaneonsiy struck keys isfully depressed, to prevent further depression of an insufficiently depressed key until a fully d ipressed key is retracted, and to re-check the wheel when a partly depressed key is fully depressed.

9. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit wheels and keys operative individually and operative when paired with key five, of a driving pawl, a radial driving arm supported at two pivotal points, a pair of differential elements to op-- erate said arm on either or on both of its pivots and affording a compound movement when two keys are simultaneously operated, elements to prevent retraction of an insulticiently depressed key when keys are struck in pairs and preventing retrogressive movement of said arm until the key is fully de pressed. 7

10. In a. machine of the class described, the combination with digit wheels, keys in columns operative individually and in pairs when mated with. key live, of a driving pawl, a. radial driving arm supported. at two pivotal points, a pair of differential elements to operate said arm alternately on its pivotal supports, and to be displaced siinnltaneously and oppositely to operate said arm on both pivotal points and with compound movement, means for preventing retraction of an insuiliciently eepressed key and preventing retrogressive movement of said driving arm on one of pivotal points when the keys are struck in pairs, and. an element to be engaged by the driving arm to prevent overactuation of the digit wheel upon completion of transfer.

11. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit wheels and five operating keys for each wheel, a driving pawl, and a driving arm having a reciprocatory movement from a pivotal point co axial with the wheel and a reciprocatory movement from a pivotal point eccentric to the axis of said wheel, and key controlled differential elements alternately or simul taneously operated to impart a single or a compound motion to said arm and register the values of individually operated keys, or the combined values of keys operated in pairs.

12. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit wheels, a transfer device, and operating keys in columns, of a driving pawl, a driving arm pivoted at two points and reciprocative on a short radius and a long radius, a differential element operated by key value five of the column, and a differential element operated by the other keys of the column and to alternately shift the fulcrum of said arm, said key live to be paired with any other key of the column and simultaneously operated and the movements compounded in said driving arm to register the values of both keys, said arm to lock the transfer and thereby check the digit wheel upon completion of transfer movement.

13. In a machine of the class described, the combination of digit wheels, transfer elements and operating keys, a wheel driving element having two fulcrum points and to be operated upon both of said fulcrum points, a pair of differential. elements operative by said keys to appropriately displace the driving element and register values represented by keys depressed, and said transfer element to be brought into engagement with said driving element to prevent over actuation of the digit wheel when transfer is consummated.

14. In a machine of the class described, the combination with digit wheels and operating keys, of differential elements operated by said keys individually, or simultaneously in pairs, a radial driving arm pivoted to be reciprocated by either of said differential elements, and adapted to be reciprocated on both pivotal points by simultaneous operation of the differential elements, an element locked by said arm to lock the digit wheel when transfer is consummated, and an element to disengage the transfer from the driving arm and release the digit wheel when resetting movement is inaugurated.

1.5. I11 a machine of the class described, the combination of a digit wheel and a column of keys operative individually, or

simultaneously when paired with key five, a pawl and a radial operating arm to be reciprocated, a pivotal bearing normally coaxial With said Wheel, and a pivotal bearing eccentric to the axis of said wheel, means operative by said keys to reciprocate said arm on either of said pivotal bearings, means to be operated simultaneously and oppositely on both pivotal bearings and to reciprocate said arm with a compound movement to appropriately position the digit Wheel.

16. In a machine of the class described, the combination With keys in columns and operative individually, or in pairs, of digit WllGBlS' and an individual supporting element for each Wheel, an internal ratchet on each Wheel, a pawl and a single reciprocatory driving arm, a supporting element pivoted coaxially with the Wheel and pivoted .to said arm at a point eccentric to the axis erative by keys one to four inclusive, said arm to be reciprocated on either or both pivotal bearings to register the value of individual keys, or the combined values of keys When paired with key five and simultane-v ously operated.

JUSTIN T, HURLEY. WVitnesses:

A. M. HURL Y, G; H. SMITH. 

